Step 1: Prepare the Mashed Potatoes

1. Place the peeled and cubed potatoes in a large pot of cold, salted water. Bring to a boil over medium-high heat and cook for 15–20 minutes, or until the potatoes are fork-tender.
2. Drain the potatoes and return them to the pot. Allow them to sit for 1–2 minutes to evaporate excess moisture.
3. Add butter, milk or cream, garlic powder (if using), salt, and pepper to the potatoes. Mash until smooth and creamy. Adjust seasoning as needed. Cover and set aside.

Step 2: Make the Meat Filling

1. Preheat your oven to 400°F (200°C).
2. Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add the chopped onion and garlic and sauté until softened, about 3–4 minutes.
3. Add the ground lamb or beef to the skillet, breaking it up with a wooden spoon. Cook until browned and no longer pink, about 5–7 minutes. Drain any excess fat if necessary.
4. Stir in the diced carrots and cook for another 2–3 minutes.
5. Add the tomato paste, Worcestershire sauce, dried thyme, smoked paprika, salt, and pepper. Mix well to coat the meat and vegetables evenly.
6. Pour in the beef or chicken stock and bring the mixture to a simmer. Stir in the peas and corn. If the filling appears too thin, sprinkle in the flour and cook for 2–3 minutes until thickened.

Step 3: Assemble the Shepherd’s Pie

1. Transfer the meat filling to a greased 9×13-inch baking dish or an oven-safe skillet, spreading it into an even layer.
2. Spoon the mashed potatoes over the meat filling, spreading them evenly with a spatula. For a decorative touch, use the back of a spoon or a fork to create peaks or patterns on the surface.

Step 4: Bake

1. Place the dish in the preheated oven and bake for 25–30 minutes, or until the mashed potatoes are golden and slightly crisp on top.
2. For extra browning, switch to the broiler setting for the last 2–3 minutes of baking, keeping a close eye to prevent burning.

Step 5: Garnish and Serve

1. Remove the Shepherd’s Pie from the oven and let it cool for 5–10 minutes before serving.
2. Garnish with chopped fresh parsley for added color and flavor.